Introduction to air pollutants and pollution; Thermo-chemistry and thermodynamics of
combustion; In-cylinder air motion; Laminar and turbulent premixed flames, Premixed engine
combustion; Spray formation and atomization, Direct injection and CI engine combustion;
Combustion systems and management; Genesis and formation of engine emissions, NO kinetics,
Soot formation and oxidation.
Emission standards and measurement; Control of emissions in SI
and CI engines, engine design parameters, exhaust after treatment, lean de-NOx catalysts, DISC
and HCCI engines; Alternative propulsion systems e.g., HEV, FCV etc.; Engine fuel impacts on
emissions, alternative fuels e.g., CNG, alcohols, biodiesel, hydrogen, GTL.
Sl. No
Topics
1.
Introduction to air pollution from IC engines, photochemical smog, primary and
secondary pollutants.
2.
Thermodynamics of combustion : Stoichiometry of combustion, heats of reaction and
formation, adiabatic flame temperature.
3,4.
Chemical equilibrium, properties of equilibrium combustion products of air-fuel
mixtures, application to IC engines.
5.
Introduction to chemical kinetics, order of reaction, reaction rates, engine application.
6,7.
Premixed combustion, Flammability limits, SIT, flame structure, laminar and turbulent
flames, flame speeds, effect of EGR.
8.
Conceptual SI engine combustion models, features of SI engine combustion processes,
combustion process characterization.
9.
Thermodynamic analysis of burned and unburned mixture states, mixed and unmixed
combustion models.
10.
Combustion variations, factors affecting it and their effect on performance and
emissions, effect of EGR.
11.
Features of CI engine combustion process, conceptual CI engine combustion models,
combustion process characterization.
Formation of NO and NO2 in SI Engines, Prompt and thermal NO, kinetics of NO
formation.
19.
Formation of NO and NO2 in CI engines, NO formation in premixed and diffusion
combustion periods.
20.
Formation of CO, kinetic effects, effect of engine variables.
21.
Flame quenching in SI engines.
22.
Unburned HC formation in SI engines, crevice HC, oil film HC and other sources.
23.
HC oxidation in the cylinder and exhaust, exodus of HC , contribution of different
sources.
24.
Formation of HC in CI engines, undermining and overmixing, effect of nozzle design
and other variables.
25,26.
Composition of particulates, soot structure, soot formation- stoichiometric
considerations, nucleation, growth and oxidation, effect of engine variables.
27,28.
Trends in vehicle emission standards, emission limits, test procedures, driving cycles.
29.
Measurement of emissions, instrumentation for CO HC, NOx, PM.
30.
Strategies for control of emissions in SI engines; Add on systems to control emissions
inside the engine: EGR, crankcase and evaporative emission control.
31.
Exhaust gas after treatment, Thermal and catalytic reactors, Elements of catalytic
reactors, catalysts and substrates.
32,33.
Oxidation, reduction and 3-waycatalytic reactors, closed loop feedback control, catalyst
deactivation mechanism, cold start HC control.
Petroleum fuels : impact of fuel characteristics including oxygenates on emissions.
41,42.
Alternative fuels to reduce emissions: Alcohols, natural gas, biodiesel, hydrogen, DME.
Basic Engineering Thermodynamics
A first course on IC engines
J.B. Heywood, Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, McGraw Hill International
Editions, 1989.
B. P. Pundir, Engine Emissions: Pollutant Formation and Advances in Control
Technology, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 2007.
Handbook of Air Pollution from Internal Combustion Engines: Pollutant Formation and
Control, Ed. Eran Sher, Academic Press, 1998.
Internal Combustion Engine Handbook,
Ed. Richard Van Basshuysen and Fred
Schafer, SAE International, 2004.
C.R. Ferguson, A. T. Kirkpatrick, Internal.
Combustion Engines, 2nd Edition, John
Wiley & Sons, 2001.
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